public class

IndexWriter

extends Object
implements Closeable
java.lang.Object
   ↳ org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter

Class Overview

An IndexWriter creates and maintains an index.

The create argument to the constructor determines whether a new index is created, or whether an existing index is opened. Note that you can open an index with create=true even while readers are using the index. The old readers will continue to search the "point in time" snapshot they had opened, and won't see the newly created index until they re-open. There are also constructors with no create argument which will create a new index if there is not already an index at the provided path and otherwise open the existing index.

In either case, documents are added with addDocument and removed with deleteDocuments(Term) or deleteDocuments(Query). A document can be updated with updateDocument (which just deletes and then adds the entire document). When finished adding, deleting and updating documents, close should be called.

These changes are buffered in memory and periodically flushed to the Directory (during the above method calls). A flush is triggered when there are enough buffered deletes (see setMaxBufferedDeleteTerms(int)) or enough added documents since the last flush, whichever is sooner. For the added documents, flushing is triggered either by RAM usage of the documents (see setRAMBufferSizeMB(double)) or the number of added documents. The default is to flush when RAM usage hits 16 MB. For best indexing speed you should flush by RAM usage with a large RAM buffer. Note that flushing just moves the internal buffered state in IndexWriter into the index, but these changes are not visible to IndexReader until either commit() or close() is called. A flush may also trigger one or more segment merges which by default run with a background thread so as not to block the addDocument calls (see below for changing the MergeScheduler).

If an index will not have more documents added for a while and optimal search performance is desired, then either the full optimize method or partial optimize(int) method should be called before the index is closed.

Opening an IndexWriter creates a lock file for the directory in use. Trying to open another IndexWriter on the same directory will lead to a LockObtainFailedException. The LockObtainFailedException is also thrown if an IndexReader on the same directory is used to delete documents from the index.

Expert: IndexWriter allows an optional IndexDeletionPolicy implementation to be specified. You can use this to control when prior commits are deleted from the index. The default policy is KeepOnlyLastCommitDeletionPolicy which removes all prior commits as soon as a new commit is done (this matches behavior before 2.2). Creating your own policy can allow you to explicitly keep previous "point in time" commits alive in the index for some time, to allow readers to refresh to the new commit without having the old commit deleted out from under them. This is necessary on filesystems like NFS that do not support "delete on last close" semantics, which Lucene's "point in time" search normally relies on.

Expert: IndexWriter allows you to separately change the MergePolicy and the MergeScheduler. The MergePolicy is invoked whenever there are changes to the segments in the index. Its role is to select which merges to do, if any, and return a MergePolicy.MergeSpecification describing the merges. It also selects merges to do for optimize(). (The default is LogByteSizeMergePolicy. Then, the MergeScheduler is invoked with the requested merges and it decides when and how to run the merges. The default is ConcurrentMergeScheduler.

NOTE: if you hit an OutOfMemoryError then IndexWriter will quietly record this fact and block all future segment commits. This is a defensive measure in case any internal state (buffered documents and deletions) were corrupted. Any subsequent calls to commit() will throw an IllegalStateException. The only course of action is to call close(), which internally will call rollback(), to undo any changes to the index since the last commit. You can also just call rollback() directly.

NOTE: IndexWriter instances are completely thread safe, meaning multiple threads can call any of its methods, concurrently. If your application requires external synchronization, you should not synchronize on the IndexWriter instance as this may cause deadlock; use your own (non-Lucene) objects instead.

NOTE: If you call Thread.interrupt() on a thread that's within IndexWriter, IndexWriter will try to catch this (eg, if it's in a wait() or Thread.sleep()), and will then throw the unchecked exception ThreadInterruptedException and clear the interrupt status on the thread.

Summary

Nested Classes
class IndexWriter.IndexReaderWarmer If getReader() has been called (ie, this writer is in near real-time mode), then after a merge completes, this class can be invoked to warm the reader on the newly merged segment, before the merge commits. 
class IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength This class is deprecated. use LimitTokenCountAnalyzer instead.  
Constants
int DEFAULT_MAX_BUFFERED_DELETE_TERMS This constant is deprecated. use DEFAULT_MAX_BUFFERED_DELETE_TERMS instead
int DEFAULT_MAX_BUFFERED_DOCS This constant is deprecated. use DEFAULT_MAX_BUFFERED_DOCS instead.
double DEFAULT_RAM_BUFFER_SIZE_MB This constant is deprecated. use DEFAULT_RAM_BUFFER_SIZE_MB instead.
int DEFAULT_TERM_INDEX_INTERVAL This constant is deprecated. use DEFAULT_TERM_INDEX_INTERVAL instead.
int DISABLE_AUTO_FLUSH This constant is deprecated. use DISABLE_AUTO_FLUSH instead
int MAX_TERM_LENGTH Absolute hard maximum length for a term.
String WRITE_LOCK_NAME Name of the write lock in the index.
Fields
public static final int DEFAULT_MAX_FIELD_LENGTH This field is deprecated. see IndexWriterConfig
public static long WRITE_LOCK_TIMEOUT This field is deprecated. use WRITE_LOCK_TIMEOUT instead
Public Constructors
@Deprecated IndexWriter(Directory d, Analyzer a, boolean create, IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength mfl)
This constructor is deprecated. use IndexWriter(Directory, IndexWriterConfig) instead
@Deprecated IndexWriter(Directory d, Analyzer a, IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength mfl)
This constructor is deprecated. use IndexWriter(Directory, IndexWriterConfig) instead
@Deprecated IndexWriter(Directory d, Analyzer a, IndexDeletionPolicy deletionPolicy, IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength mfl)
This constructor is deprecated. use IndexWriter(Directory, IndexWriterConfig) instead
@Deprecated IndexWriter(Directory d, Analyzer a, boolean create, IndexDeletionPolicy deletionPolicy, IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength mfl)
This constructor is deprecated. use IndexWriter(Directory, IndexWriterConfig) instead
@Deprecated IndexWriter(Directory d, Analyzer a, IndexDeletionPolicy deletionPolicy, IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength mfl, IndexCommit commit)
This constructor is deprecated. use IndexWriter(Directory, IndexWriterConfig) instead
IndexWriter(Directory d, IndexWriterConfig conf)
Constructs a new IndexWriter per the settings given in conf.
Public Methods
void addDocument(Document doc, Analyzer analyzer)
Adds a document to this index, using the provided analyzer instead of the value of getAnalyzer().
void addDocument(Document doc)
Adds a document to this index.
void addDocuments(Collection<Document> docs, Analyzer analyzer)
Atomically adds a block of documents, analyzed using the provided analyzer, with sequentially assigned document IDs, such that an external reader will see all or none of the documents.
void addDocuments(Collection<Document> docs)
Atomically adds a block of documents with sequentially assigned document IDs, such that an external reader will see all or none of the documents.
void addIndexes(IndexReader... readers)
Merges the provided indexes into this index.
void addIndexes(Directory... dirs)
Adds all segments from an array of indexes into this index.
@Deprecated void addIndexesNoOptimize(Directory... dirs)
This method is deprecated. use addIndexes(Directory) instead
void close()
Commits all changes to an index and closes all associated files.
void close(boolean waitForMerges)
Closes the index with or without waiting for currently running merges to finish.
final void commit()

Commits all pending changes (added & deleted documents, optimizations, segment merges, added indexes, etc.) to the index, and syncs all referenced index files, such that a reader will see the changes and the index updates will survive an OS or machine crash or power loss.

final void commit(Map<StringString> commitUserData)
Commits all changes to the index, specifying a commitUserData Map (String -> String).
synchronized void deleteAll()
Delete all documents in the index.
void deleteDocuments(Query... queries)
Deletes the document(s) matching any of the provided queries.
void deleteDocuments(Query query)
Deletes the document(s) matching the provided query.
void deleteDocuments(Term... terms)
Deletes the document(s) containing any of the terms.
void deleteDocuments(Term term)
Deletes the document(s) containing term.
synchronized void deleteUnusedFiles()
Expert: remove any index files that are no longer used.
void expungeDeletes(boolean doWait)
Just like expungeDeletes(), except you can specify whether the call should block until the operation completes.
void expungeDeletes()
Expunges all deletes from the index.
Analyzer getAnalyzer()
Returns the analyzer used by this index.
IndexWriterConfig getConfig()
Returns the private IndexWriterConfig, cloned from the IndexWriterConfig passed to IndexWriter(Directory, IndexWriterConfig).
static PrintStream getDefaultInfoStream()
Returns the current default infoStream for newly instantiated IndexWriters.
@Deprecated static long getDefaultWriteLockTimeout()
This method is deprecated. use getDefaultWriteLockTimeout() instead
Directory getDirectory()
Returns the Directory used by this index.
PrintStream getInfoStream()
Returns the current infoStream in use by this writer.
@Deprecated int getMaxBufferedDeleteTerms()
This method is deprecated. use getMaxBufferedDeleteTerms() instead
@Deprecated int getMaxBufferedDocs()
This method is deprecated. use getMaxBufferedDocs() instead.
@Deprecated int getMaxFieldLength()
This method is deprecated. use LimitTokenCountAnalyzer to limit number of tokens.
@Deprecated int getMaxMergeDocs()
This method is deprecated. use getMaxMergeDocs() directly.
@Deprecated int getMergeFactor()
This method is deprecated. use getMergeFactor() directly.
@Deprecated MergePolicy getMergePolicy()
This method is deprecated. use getMergePolicy() instead
@Deprecated MergeScheduler getMergeScheduler()
This method is deprecated. use getMergeScheduler() instead
@Deprecated IndexWriter.IndexReaderWarmer getMergedSegmentWarmer()
This method is deprecated. use getMergedSegmentWarmer() instead.
synchronized Collection<SegmentInfo> getMergingSegments()
Expert: to be used by a MergePolicy to avoid selecting merges for segments already being merged.
synchronized MergePolicy.OneMerge getNextMerge()
Expert: the MergeScheduler calls this method to retrieve the next merge requested by the MergePolicy
PayloadProcessorProvider getPayloadProcessorProvider()
Returns the PayloadProcessorProvider that is used during segment merges to process payloads.
@Deprecated double getRAMBufferSizeMB()
This method is deprecated. use getRAMBufferSizeMB() instead.
@Deprecated IndexReader getReader()
This method is deprecated. Please use open(IndexWriter, boolean) instead.
@Deprecated IndexReader getReader(int termInfosIndexDivisor)
This method is deprecated. Please use open(IndexWriter, boolean) instead. Furthermore, this method cannot guarantee the reader (and its sub-readers) will be opened with the termInfosIndexDivisor setting because some of them may have already been opened according to setReaderTermsIndexDivisor(int). You should set the requested termInfosIndexDivisor through setReaderTermsIndexDivisor(int) and use getReader().
@Deprecated int getReaderTermsIndexDivisor()
This method is deprecated. use getReaderTermsIndexDivisor() instead.
@Deprecated Similarity getSimilarity()
This method is deprecated. use getSimilarity() instead
@Deprecated int getTermIndexInterval()
This method is deprecated. use getTermIndexInterval()
@Deprecated boolean getUseCompoundFile()
This method is deprecated. use getUseCompoundFile()
@Deprecated long getWriteLockTimeout()
This method is deprecated. use getWriteLockTimeout()
synchronized boolean hasDeletions()
static boolean isLocked(Directory directory)
Returns true iff the index in the named directory is currently locked.
synchronized int maxDoc()
Returns total number of docs in this index, including docs not yet flushed (still in the RAM buffer), not counting deletions.
final void maybeMerge()
Expert: asks the mergePolicy whether any merges are necessary now and if so, runs the requested merges and then iterate (test again if merges are needed) until no more merges are returned by the mergePolicy.
final void merge(MergePolicy.OneMerge merge)
Merges the indicated segments, replacing them in the stack with a single segment.
void message(String message)
Prints a message to the infoStream (if non-null), prefixed with the identifying information for this writer and the thread that's calling it.
int numDeletedDocs(SegmentInfo info)
Obtain the number of deleted docs for a pooled reader.
synchronized int numDocs()
Returns total number of docs in this index, including docs not yet flushed (still in the RAM buffer), and including deletions.
synchronized final int numRamDocs()
Expert: Return the number of documents currently buffered in RAM.
void optimize(int maxNumSegments)
Optimize the index down to
void optimize(int maxNumSegments, boolean doWait)
Just like optimize(int), except you can specify whether the call should block until the optimize completes.
void optimize(boolean doWait)
Just like optimize(), except you can specify whether the call should block until the optimize completes.
void optimize()
Requests an "optimize" operation on an index, priming the index for the fastest available search.
final void prepareCommit(Map<StringString> commitUserData)

Expert: prepare for commit, specifying commitUserData Map (String -> String).

final void prepareCommit()
Expert: prepare for commit.
final long ramSizeInBytes()
Expert: Return the total size of all index files currently cached in memory.
void rollback()
Close the IndexWriter without committing any changes that have occurred since the last commit (or since it was opened, if commit hasn't been called).
synchronized String segString(Iterable<SegmentInfo> infos)
synchronized String segString(SegmentInfo info)
synchronized String segString()
static void setDefaultInfoStream(PrintStream infoStream)
If non-null, this will be the default infoStream used by a newly instantiated IndexWriter.
@Deprecated static void setDefaultWriteLockTimeout(long writeLockTimeout)
This method is deprecated. use setDefaultWriteLockTimeout(long) instead
void setInfoStream(PrintStream infoStream)
If non-null, information about merges, deletes and a message when maxFieldLength is reached will be printed to this.
@Deprecated void setMaxBufferedDeleteTerms(int maxBufferedDeleteTerms)
This method is deprecated. use setMaxBufferedDeleteTerms(int) instead.
@Deprecated void setMaxBufferedDocs(int maxBufferedDocs)
This method is deprecated. use setMaxBufferedDocs(int) instead.
@Deprecated void setMaxFieldLength(int maxFieldLength)
This method is deprecated. use LimitTokenCountAnalyzer instead. Note that the behvaior slightly changed - the analyzer limits the number of tokens per token stream created, while this setting limits the total number of tokens to index. This only matters if you index many multi-valued fields though.
@Deprecated void setMaxMergeDocs(int maxMergeDocs)
This method is deprecated. use setMaxMergeDocs(int) directly.
@Deprecated void setMergeFactor(int mergeFactor)
This method is deprecated. use setMergeFactor(int) directly.
@Deprecated void setMergePolicy(MergePolicy mp)
This method is deprecated. use setMergePolicy(MergePolicy) instead.
@Deprecated synchronized void setMergeScheduler(MergeScheduler mergeScheduler)
This method is deprecated. use setMergeScheduler(MergeScheduler) instead
@Deprecated void setMergedSegmentWarmer(IndexWriter.IndexReaderWarmer warmer)
This method is deprecated. use setMergedSegmentWarmer(IndexWriter.IndexReaderWarmer) instead.
void setPayloadProcessorProvider(PayloadProcessorProvider pcp)
Sets the PayloadProcessorProvider to use when merging payloads.
@Deprecated void setRAMBufferSizeMB(double mb)
This method is deprecated. use setRAMBufferSizeMB(double) instead.
@Deprecated void setReaderTermsIndexDivisor(int divisor)
This method is deprecated. use setReaderTermsIndexDivisor(int) instead.
@Deprecated void setSimilarity(Similarity similarity)
This method is deprecated. use setSimilarity(Similarity) instead
@Deprecated void setTermIndexInterval(int interval)
This method is deprecated. use setTermIndexInterval(int)
@Deprecated void setUseCompoundFile(boolean value)
This method is deprecated. use setUseCompoundFile(boolean).
@Deprecated void setWriteLockTimeout(long writeLockTimeout)
This method is deprecated. use setWriteLockTimeout(long) instead
static void unlock(Directory directory)
Forcibly unlocks the index in the named directory.
void updateDocument(Term term, Document doc)
Updates a document by first deleting the document(s) containing term and then adding the new document.
void updateDocument(Term term, Document doc, Analyzer analyzer)
Updates a document by first deleting the document(s) containing term and then adding the new document.
void updateDocuments(Term delTerm, Collection<Document> docs)
Atomically deletes documents matching the provided delTerm and adds a block of documents with sequentially assigned document IDs, such that an external reader will see all or none of the documents.
void updateDocuments(Term delTerm, Collection<Document> docs, Analyzer analyzer)
Atomically deletes documents matching the provided delTerm and adds a block of documents, analyzed using the provided analyzer, with sequentially assigned document IDs, such that an external reader will see all or none of the documents.
boolean verbose()
Returns true if verbosing is enabled (i.e., infoStream != null).
synchronized void waitForMerges()
Wait for any currently outstanding merges to finish.
Protected Methods
void doAfterFlush()
A hook for extending classes to execute operations after pending added and deleted documents have been flushed to the Directory but before the change is committed (new segments_N file written).
void doBeforeFlush()
A hook for extending classes to execute operations before pending added and deleted documents are flushed to the Directory.
final void ensureOpen()
final void ensureOpen(boolean includePendingClose)
Used internally to throw an AlreadyClosedException if this IndexWriter has been closed.
final void flush(boolean triggerMerge, boolean applyAllDeletes)
Flush all in-memory buffered updates (adds and deletes) to the Directory.
final void flush(boolean triggerMerge, boolean flushDocStores, boolean flushDeletes)
NOTE: flushDocStores is ignored now (hardwired to true); this method is only here for backwards compatibility
[Expand]
Inherited Methods
From class java.lang.Object
From interface java.io.Closeable

Constants

public static final int DEFAULT_MAX_BUFFERED_DELETE_TERMS

This constant is deprecated.
use DEFAULT_MAX_BUFFERED_DELETE_TERMS instead

Disabled by default (because IndexWriter flushes by RAM usage by default). Change using setMaxBufferedDeleteTerms(int).

Constant Value: -1 (0xffffffff)

public static final int DEFAULT_MAX_BUFFERED_DOCS

This constant is deprecated.
use DEFAULT_MAX_BUFFERED_DOCS instead.

Disabled by default (because IndexWriter flushes by RAM usage by default). Change using setMaxBufferedDocs(int).

Constant Value: -1 (0xffffffff)

public static final double DEFAULT_RAM_BUFFER_SIZE_MB

This constant is deprecated.
use DEFAULT_RAM_BUFFER_SIZE_MB instead.

Default value is 16 MB (which means flush when buffered docs consume 16 MB RAM). Change using setRAMBufferSizeMB(double).

Constant Value: 16.0

public static final int DEFAULT_TERM_INDEX_INTERVAL

This constant is deprecated.
use DEFAULT_TERM_INDEX_INTERVAL instead.

Default value is 128. Change using setTermIndexInterval(int).

Constant Value: 128 (0x00000080)

public static final int DISABLE_AUTO_FLUSH

This constant is deprecated.
use DISABLE_AUTO_FLUSH instead

Value to denote a flush trigger is disabled

Constant Value: -1 (0xffffffff)

public static final int MAX_TERM_LENGTH

Absolute hard maximum length for a term. If a term arrives from the analyzer longer than this length, it is skipped and a message is printed to infoStream, if set (see setInfoStream(PrintStream)).

Constant Value: 16383 (0x00003fff)

public static final String WRITE_LOCK_NAME

Name of the write lock in the index.

Constant Value: "write.lock"

Fields

public static final int DEFAULT_MAX_FIELD_LENGTH

This field is deprecated.
see IndexWriterConfig

Default value is 10,000. Change using setMaxFieldLength(int).

public static long WRITE_LOCK_TIMEOUT

This field is deprecated.
use WRITE_LOCK_TIMEOUT instead

Default value for the write lock timeout (1,000).

Public Constructors

@Deprecated public IndexWriter (Directory d, Analyzer a, boolean create, IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength mfl)

This constructor is deprecated.
use IndexWriter(Directory, IndexWriterConfig) instead

Constructs an IndexWriter for the index in d. Text will be analyzed with a. If create is true, then a new, empty index will be created in d, replacing the index already there, if any.

Parameters
d the index directory
a the analyzer to use
create true to create the index or overwrite the existing one; false to append to the existing index
mfl Maximum field length in number of terms/tokens: LIMITED, UNLIMITED, or user-specified via the MaxFieldLength constructor.
Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
LockObtainFailedException if another writer has this index open (write.lock could not be obtained)
IOException if the directory cannot be read/written to, or if it does not exist and create is false or if there is any other low-level IO error

@Deprecated public IndexWriter (Directory d, Analyzer a, IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength mfl)

This constructor is deprecated.
use IndexWriter(Directory, IndexWriterConfig) instead

Constructs an IndexWriter for the index in d, first creating it if it does not already exist. Text will be analyzed with a.

Parameters
d the index directory
a the analyzer to use
mfl Maximum field length in number of terms/tokens: LIMITED, UNLIMITED, or user-specified via the MaxFieldLength constructor.
Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
LockObtainFailedException if another writer has this index open (write.lock could not be obtained)
IOException if the directory cannot be read/written to or if there is any other low-level IO error

@Deprecated public IndexWriter (Directory d, Analyzer a, IndexDeletionPolicy deletionPolicy, IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength mfl)

This constructor is deprecated.
use IndexWriter(Directory, IndexWriterConfig) instead

Expert: constructs an IndexWriter with a custom IndexDeletionPolicy, for the index in d, first creating it if it does not already exist. Text will be analyzed with a.

Parameters
d the index directory
a the analyzer to use
deletionPolicy see above
mfl whether or not to limit field lengths
Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
LockObtainFailedException if another writer has this index open (write.lock could not be obtained)
IOException if the directory cannot be read/written to or if there is any other low-level IO error

@Deprecated public IndexWriter (Directory d, Analyzer a, boolean create, IndexDeletionPolicy deletionPolicy, IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength mfl)

This constructor is deprecated.
use IndexWriter(Directory, IndexWriterConfig) instead

Expert: constructs an IndexWriter with a custom IndexDeletionPolicy, for the index in d. Text will be analyzed with a. If create is true, then a new, empty index will be created in d, replacing the index already there, if any.

Parameters
d the index directory
a the analyzer to use
create true to create the index or overwrite the existing one; false to append to the existing index
deletionPolicy see above
mfl IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength, whether or not to limit field lengths. Value is in number of terms/tokens
Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
LockObtainFailedException if another writer has this index open (write.lock could not be obtained)
IOException if the directory cannot be read/written to, or if it does not exist and create is false or if there is any other low-level IO error

@Deprecated public IndexWriter (Directory d, Analyzer a, IndexDeletionPolicy deletionPolicy, IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength mfl, IndexCommit commit)

This constructor is deprecated.
use IndexWriter(Directory, IndexWriterConfig) instead

Expert: constructs an IndexWriter on specific commit point, with a custom IndexDeletionPolicy, for the index in d. Text will be analyzed with a.

This is only meaningful if you've used a IndexDeletionPolicy in that past that keeps more than just the last commit.

This operation is similar to rollback(), except that method can only rollback what's been done with the current instance of IndexWriter since its last commit, whereas this method can rollback to an arbitrary commit point from the past, assuming the IndexDeletionPolicy has preserved past commits.

Parameters
d the index directory
a the analyzer to use
deletionPolicy see above
mfl whether or not to limit field lengths, value is in number of terms/tokens. See IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength.
commit which commit to open
Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
LockObtainFailedException if another writer has this index open (write.lock could not be obtained)
IOException if the directory cannot be read/written to, or if it does not exist and create is false or if there is any other low-level IO error

public IndexWriter (Directory d, IndexWriterConfig conf)

Constructs a new IndexWriter per the settings given in conf. Note that the passed in IndexWriterConfig is privately cloned; if you need to make subsequent "live" changes to the configuration use getConfig().

Parameters
d the index directory. The index is either created or appended according conf.getOpenMode().
conf the configuration settings according to which IndexWriter should be initialized.
Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
LockObtainFailedException if another writer has this index open (write.lock could not be obtained)
IOException if the directory cannot be read/written to, or if it does not exist and conf.getOpenMode() is OpenMode.APPEND or if there is any other low-level IO error

Public Methods

public void addDocument (Document doc, Analyzer analyzer)

Adds a document to this index, using the provided analyzer instead of the value of getAnalyzer(). If the document contains more than setMaxFieldLength(int) terms for a given field, the remainder are discarded.

See addDocument(Document) for details on index and IndexWriter state after an Exception, and flushing/merging temporary free space requirements.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
IOException if there is a low-level IO error

public void addDocument (Document doc)

Adds a document to this index. If the document contains more than setMaxFieldLength(int) terms for a given field, the remainder are discarded.

Note that if an Exception is hit (for example disk full) then the index will be consistent, but this document may not have been added. Furthermore, it's possible the index will have one segment in non-compound format even when using compound files (when a merge has partially succeeded).

This method periodically flushes pending documents to the Directory (see above), and also periodically triggers segment merges in the index according to the MergePolicy in use.

Merges temporarily consume space in the directory. The amount of space required is up to 1X the size of all segments being merged, when no readers/searchers are open against the index, and up to 2X the size of all segments being merged when readers/searchers are open against the index (see optimize() for details). The sequence of primitive merge operations performed is governed by the merge policy.

Note that each term in the document can be no longer than 16383 characters, otherwise an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown.

Note that it's possible to create an invalid Unicode string in java if a UTF16 surrogate pair is malformed. In this case, the invalid characters are silently replaced with the Unicode replacement character U+FFFD.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
IOException if there is a low-level IO error

public void addDocuments (Collection<Document> docs, Analyzer analyzer)

Atomically adds a block of documents, analyzed using the provided analyzer, with sequentially assigned document IDs, such that an external reader will see all or none of the documents.

Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
IOException if there is a low-level IO error

public void addDocuments (Collection<Document> docs)

Atomically adds a block of documents with sequentially assigned document IDs, such that an external reader will see all or none of the documents.

WARNING: the index does not currently record which documents were added as a block. Today this is fine, because merging will preserve the block (as long as none them were deleted). But it's possible in the future that Lucene may more aggressively re-order documents (for example, perhaps to obtain better index compression), in which case you may need to fully re-index your documents at that time.

See addDocument(Document) for details on index and IndexWriter state after an Exception, and flushing/merging temporary free space requirements.

NOTE: tools that do offline splitting of an index (for example, IndexSplitter in contrib) or re-sorting of documents (for example, IndexSorter in contrib) are not aware of these atomically added documents and will likely break them up. Use such tools at your own risk!

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
IOException if there is a low-level IO error

public void addIndexes (IndexReader... readers)

Merges the provided indexes into this index. This method is useful if you use extensions of IndexReader. Otherwise, using addIndexes(Directory) is highly recommended for performance reasons. It uses the MergeScheduler and MergePolicy set on this writer, which may perform merges in parallel.

The provided IndexReaders are not closed.

NOTE: this method does not merge the current segments, only the incoming ones.

See addIndexes(Directory) for details on transactional semantics, temporary free space required in the Directory, and non-CFS segments on an Exception.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

NOTE: if you call close(boolean) with false, which aborts all running merges, then any thread still running this method might hit a MergePolicy.MergeAbortedException.

Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
IOException if there is a low-level IO error

public void addIndexes (Directory... dirs)

Adds all segments from an array of indexes into this index.

This may be used to parallelize batch indexing. A large document collection can be broken into sub-collections. Each sub-collection can be indexed in parallel, on a different thread, process or machine. The complete index can then be created by merging sub-collection indexes with this method.

NOTE: the index in each Directory must not be changed (opened by a writer) while this method is running. This method does not acquire a write lock in each input Directory, so it is up to the caller to enforce this.

This method is transactional in how Exceptions are handled: it does not commit a new segments_N file until all indexes are added. This means if an Exception occurs (for example disk full), then either no indexes will have been added or they all will have been.

Note that this requires temporary free space in the Directory up to 2X the sum of all input indexes (including the starting index). If readers/searchers are open against the starting index, then temporary free space required will be higher by the size of the starting index (see optimize() for details).

NOTE: this method only copies the segments of the incomning indexes and does not merge them. Therefore deleted documents are not removed and the new segments are not merged with the existing ones. Also, if the merge policy allows compound files, then any segment that is not compound is converted to such. However, if the segment is compound, it is copied as-is even if the merge policy does not allow compound files.

This requires this index not be among those to be added.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
IOException if there is a low-level IO error

@Deprecated public void addIndexesNoOptimize (Directory... dirs)

This method is deprecated.
use addIndexes(Directory) instead

public void close ()

Commits all changes to an index and closes all associated files. Note that this may be a costly operation, so, try to re-use a single writer instead of closing and opening a new one. See commit() for caveats about write caching done by some IO devices.

If an Exception is hit during close, eg due to disk full or some other reason, then both the on-disk index and the internal state of the IndexWriter instance will be consistent. However, the close will not be complete even though part of it (flushing buffered documents) may have succeeded, so the write lock will still be held.

If you can correct the underlying cause (eg free up some disk space) then you can call close() again. Failing that, if you want to force the write lock to be released (dangerous, because you may then lose buffered docs in the IndexWriter instance) then you can do something like this:

 try {
   writer.close();
 } finally {
   if (IndexWriter.isLocked(directory)) {
     IndexWriter.unlock(directory);
   }
 }
 
after which, you must be certain not to use the writer instance anymore.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer, again. See above for details.

Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
IOException if there is a low-level IO error

public void close (boolean waitForMerges)

Closes the index with or without waiting for currently running merges to finish. This is only meaningful when using a MergeScheduler that runs merges in background threads.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer, again. See above for details.

NOTE: it is dangerous to always call close(false), especially when IndexWriter is not open for very long, because this can result in "merge starvation" whereby long merges will never have a chance to finish. This will cause too many segments in your index over time.

Parameters
waitForMerges if true, this call will block until all merges complete; else, it will ask all running merges to abort, wait until those merges have finished (which should be at most a few seconds), and then return.

public final void commit ()

Commits all pending changes (added & deleted documents, optimizations, segment merges, added indexes, etc.) to the index, and syncs all referenced index files, such that a reader will see the changes and the index updates will survive an OS or machine crash or power loss. Note that this does not wait for any running background merges to finish. This may be a costly operation, so you should test the cost in your application and do it only when really necessary.

Note that this operation calls Directory.sync on the index files. That call should not return until the file contents & metadata are on stable storage. For FSDirectory, this calls the OS's fsync. But, beware: some hardware devices may in fact cache writes even during fsync, and return before the bits are actually on stable storage, to give the appearance of faster performance. If you have such a device, and it does not have a battery backup (for example) then on power loss it may still lose data. Lucene cannot guarantee consistency on such devices.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

public final void commit (Map<StringString> commitUserData)

Commits all changes to the index, specifying a commitUserData Map (String -> String). This just calls prepareCommit(Map) (if you didn't already call it) and then #finishCommit.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

public synchronized void deleteAll ()

Delete all documents in the index.

This method will drop all buffered documents and will remove all segments from the index. This change will not be visible until a commit() has been called. This method can be rolled back using rollback().

NOTE: this method is much faster than using deleteDocuments( new MatchAllDocsQuery() ).

NOTE: this method will forcefully abort all merges in progress. If other threads are running optimize(), addIndexes(IndexReader[]) or expungeDeletes() methods, they may receive MergePolicy.MergeAbortedExceptions.

Throws
IOException

public void deleteDocuments (Query... queries)

Deletes the document(s) matching any of the provided queries. All deletes are flushed at the same time.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

Parameters
queries array of queries to identify the documents to be deleted
Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
IOException if there is a low-level IO error

public void deleteDocuments (Query query)

Deletes the document(s) matching the provided query.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

Parameters
query the query to identify the documents to be deleted
Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
IOException if there is a low-level IO error

public void deleteDocuments (Term... terms)

Deletes the document(s) containing any of the terms. All deletes are flushed at the same time.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

Parameters
terms array of terms to identify the documents to be deleted
Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
IOException if there is a low-level IO error

public void deleteDocuments (Term term)

Deletes the document(s) containing term.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

Parameters
term the term to identify the documents to be deleted
Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
IOException if there is a low-level IO error

public synchronized void deleteUnusedFiles ()

Expert: remove any index files that are no longer used.

IndexWriter normally deletes unused files itself, during indexing. However, on Windows, which disallows deletion of open files, if there is a reader open on the index then those files cannot be deleted. This is fine, because IndexWriter will periodically retry the deletion.

However, IndexWriter doesn't try that often: only on open, close, flushing a new segment, and finishing a merge. If you don't do any of these actions with your IndexWriter, you'll see the unused files linger. If that's a problem, call this method to delete them (once you've closed the open readers that were preventing their deletion).

In addition, you can call this method to delete unreferenced index commits. This might be useful if you are using an IndexDeletionPolicy which holds onto index commits until some criteria are met, but those commits are no longer needed. Otherwise, those commits will be deleted the next time commit() is called.

Throws
IOException

public void expungeDeletes (boolean doWait)

Just like expungeDeletes(), except you can specify whether the call should block until the operation completes. This is only meaningful with a MergeScheduler that is able to run merges in background threads.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

NOTE: if you call close(boolean) with false, which aborts all running merges, then any thread still running this method might hit a MergePolicy.MergeAbortedException.

public void expungeDeletes ()

Expunges all deletes from the index. When an index has many document deletions (or updates to existing documents), it's best to either call optimize or expungeDeletes to remove all unused data in the index associated with the deleted documents. To see how many deletions you have pending in your index, call numDeletedDocs() This saves disk space and memory usage while searching. expungeDeletes should be somewhat faster than optimize since it does not insist on reducing the index to a single segment (though, this depends on the MergePolicy; see findMergesToExpungeDeletes(SegmentInfos).). Note that this call does not first commit any buffered documents, so you must do so yourself if necessary. See also expungeDeletes(boolean)

NOTE: this method first flushes a new segment (if there are indexed documents), and applies all buffered deletes.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

public Analyzer getAnalyzer ()

Returns the analyzer used by this index.

public IndexWriterConfig getConfig ()

Returns the private IndexWriterConfig, cloned from the IndexWriterConfig passed to IndexWriter(Directory, IndexWriterConfig).

NOTE: some settings may be changed on the returned IndexWriterConfig, and will take effect in the current IndexWriter instance. See the javadocs for the specific setters in IndexWriterConfig for details.

public static PrintStream getDefaultInfoStream ()

Returns the current default infoStream for newly instantiated IndexWriters.

@Deprecated public static long getDefaultWriteLockTimeout ()

This method is deprecated.
use getDefaultWriteLockTimeout() instead

Returns default write lock timeout for newly instantiated IndexWriters.

public Directory getDirectory ()

Returns the Directory used by this index.

public PrintStream getInfoStream ()

Returns the current infoStream in use by this writer.

@Deprecated public int getMaxBufferedDeleteTerms ()

This method is deprecated.
use getMaxBufferedDeleteTerms() instead

Returns the number of buffered deleted terms that will trigger a flush if enabled.

@Deprecated public int getMaxBufferedDocs ()

This method is deprecated.
use getMaxBufferedDocs() instead.

Returns the number of buffered added documents that will trigger a flush if enabled.

@Deprecated public int getMaxFieldLength ()

This method is deprecated.
use LimitTokenCountAnalyzer to limit number of tokens.

Returns the maximum number of terms that will be indexed for a single field in a document.

@Deprecated public int getMaxMergeDocs ()

This method is deprecated.
use getMaxMergeDocs() directly.

Returns the largest segment (measured by document count) that may be merged with other segments.

Note that this method is a convenience method: it just calls mergePolicy.getMaxMergeDocs as long as mergePolicy is an instance of LogMergePolicy. Otherwise an IllegalArgumentException is thrown.

@Deprecated public int getMergeFactor ()

This method is deprecated.
use getMergeFactor() directly.

Returns the number of segments that are merged at once and also controls the total number of segments allowed to accumulate in the index.

Note that this method is a convenience method: it just calls mergePolicy.getMergeFactor as long as mergePolicy is an instance of LogMergePolicy. Otherwise an IllegalArgumentException is thrown.

@Deprecated public MergePolicy getMergePolicy ()

This method is deprecated.
use getMergePolicy() instead

Expert: returns the current MergePolicy in use by this writer.

@Deprecated public MergeScheduler getMergeScheduler ()

This method is deprecated.
use getMergeScheduler() instead

Expert: returns the current MergeScheduler in use by this writer.

@Deprecated public IndexWriter.IndexReaderWarmer getMergedSegmentWarmer ()

This method is deprecated.
use getMergedSegmentWarmer() instead.

Returns the current merged segment warmer. See IndexWriter.IndexReaderWarmer.

public synchronized Collection<SegmentInfo> getMergingSegments ()

Expert: to be used by a MergePolicy to avoid selecting merges for segments already being merged. The returned collection is not cloned, and thus is only safe to access if you hold IndexWriter's lock (which you do when IndexWriter invokes the MergePolicy).

Do not alter the returned collection!

public synchronized MergePolicy.OneMerge getNextMerge ()

Expert: the MergeScheduler calls this method to retrieve the next merge requested by the MergePolicy

public PayloadProcessorProvider getPayloadProcessorProvider ()

Returns the PayloadProcessorProvider that is used during segment merges to process payloads.

@Deprecated public double getRAMBufferSizeMB ()

This method is deprecated.
use getRAMBufferSizeMB() instead.

Returns the value set by setRAMBufferSizeMB(double) if enabled.

@Deprecated public IndexReader getReader ()

This method is deprecated.
Please use open(IndexWriter, boolean) instead.

Expert: returns a readonly reader, covering all committed as well as un-committed changes to the index. This provides "near real-time" searching, in that changes made during an IndexWriter session can be quickly made available for searching without closing the writer nor calling commit().

Note that this is functionally equivalent to calling {#flush} and then using open(IndexCommit, boolean) to open a new reader. But the turarnound time of this method should be faster since it avoids the potentially costly commit().

You must close the IndexReader returned by this method once you are done using it.

It's near real-time because there is no hard guarantee on how quickly you can get a new reader after making changes with IndexWriter. You'll have to experiment in your situation to determine if it's fast enough. As this is a new and experimental feature, please report back on your findings so we can learn, improve and iterate.

The resulting reader supports reopen(), but that call will simply forward back to this method (though this may change in the future).

The very first time this method is called, this writer instance will make every effort to pool the readers that it opens for doing merges, applying deletes, etc. This means additional resources (RAM, file descriptors, CPU time) will be consumed.

For lower latency on reopening a reader, you should call setMergedSegmentWarmer(IndexWriter.IndexReaderWarmer) to pre-warm a newly merged segment before it's committed to the index. This is important for minimizing index-to-search delay after a large merge.

If an addIndexes* call is running in another thread, then this reader will only search those segments from the foreign index that have been successfully copied over, so far

.

NOTE: Once the writer is closed, any outstanding readers may continue to be used. However, if you attempt to reopen any of those readers, you'll hit an AlreadyClosedException.

@lucene.experimental
Returns
  • IndexReader that covers entire index plus all changes made so far by this IndexWriter instance
Throws
IOException

@Deprecated public IndexReader getReader (int termInfosIndexDivisor)

This method is deprecated.
Please use open(IndexWriter, boolean) instead. Furthermore, this method cannot guarantee the reader (and its sub-readers) will be opened with the termInfosIndexDivisor setting because some of them may have already been opened according to setReaderTermsIndexDivisor(int). You should set the requested termInfosIndexDivisor through setReaderTermsIndexDivisor(int) and use getReader().

Expert: like getReader(), except you can specify which termInfosIndexDivisor should be used for any newly opened readers.

Parameters
termInfosIndexDivisor Subsamples which indexed terms are loaded into RAM. This has the same effect as setTermIndexInterval(int) except that setting must be done at indexing time while this setting can be set per reader. When set to N, then one in every N*termIndexInterval terms in the index is loaded into memory. By setting this to a value > 1 you can reduce memory usage, at the expense of higher latency when loading a TermInfo. The default value is 1. Set this to -1 to skip loading the terms index entirely.
Throws
IOException

@Deprecated public int getReaderTermsIndexDivisor ()

This method is deprecated.
use getReaderTermsIndexDivisor() instead.

@Deprecated public Similarity getSimilarity ()

This method is deprecated.
use getSimilarity() instead

Expert: Return the Similarity implementation used by this IndexWriter.

This defaults to the current value of getDefault().

@Deprecated public int getTermIndexInterval ()

This method is deprecated.
use getTermIndexInterval()

Expert: Return the interval between indexed terms.

@Deprecated public boolean getUseCompoundFile ()

This method is deprecated.
use getUseCompoundFile()

Get the current setting of whether newly flushed segments will use the compound file format. Note that this just returns the value previously set with setUseCompoundFile(boolean), or the default value (true). You cannot use this to query the status of previously flushed segments.

Note that this method is a convenience method: it just calls mergePolicy.getUseCompoundFile as long as mergePolicy is an instance of LogMergePolicy. Otherwise an IllegalArgumentException is thrown.

@Deprecated public long getWriteLockTimeout ()

This method is deprecated.
use getWriteLockTimeout()

Returns allowed timeout when acquiring the write lock.

public synchronized boolean hasDeletions ()

Throws
IOException

public static boolean isLocked (Directory directory)

Returns true iff the index in the named directory is currently locked.

Parameters
directory the directory to check for a lock
Throws
IOException if there is a low-level IO error

public synchronized int maxDoc ()

Returns total number of docs in this index, including docs not yet flushed (still in the RAM buffer), not counting deletions.

See Also

public final void maybeMerge ()

Expert: asks the mergePolicy whether any merges are necessary now and if so, runs the requested merges and then iterate (test again if merges are needed) until no more merges are returned by the mergePolicy. Explicit calls to maybeMerge() are usually not necessary. The most common case is when merge policy parameters have changed.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

public final void merge (MergePolicy.OneMerge merge)

Merges the indicated segments, replacing them in the stack with a single segment.

public void message (String message)

Prints a message to the infoStream (if non-null), prefixed with the identifying information for this writer and the thread that's calling it.

public int numDeletedDocs (SegmentInfo info)

Obtain the number of deleted docs for a pooled reader. If the reader isn't being pooled, the segmentInfo's delCount is returned.

Throws
IOException

public synchronized int numDocs ()

Returns total number of docs in this index, including docs not yet flushed (still in the RAM buffer), and including deletions. NOTE: buffered deletions are not counted. If you really need these to be counted you should call commit() first.

Throws
IOException
See Also

public final synchronized int numRamDocs ()

Expert: Return the number of documents currently buffered in RAM.

public void optimize (int maxNumSegments)

Optimize the index down to optimize().

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

Parameters
maxNumSegments maximum number of segments left in the index after optimization finishes

public void optimize (int maxNumSegments, boolean doWait)

Just like optimize(int), except you can specify whether the call should block until the optimize completes. This is only meaningful with a MergeScheduler that is able to run merges in background threads.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

public void optimize (boolean doWait)

Just like optimize(), except you can specify whether the call should block until the optimize completes. This is only meaningful with a MergeScheduler that is able to run merges in background threads.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

public void optimize ()

Requests an "optimize" operation on an index, priming the index for the fastest available search. Traditionally this has meant merging all segments into a single segment as is done in the default merge policy, but individual merge policies may implement optimize in different ways.

Optimize is a fairly costly operation, so you should only do it if your search performance really requires it. Many search applications do fine never calling optimize.

Note that optimize requires 2X the index size free space in your Directory (3X if you're using compound file format). For example, if your index size is 10 MB then you need 20 MB free for optimize to complete (30 MB if you're using compound file format). Also, it's best to call commit() after the optimize completes to allow IndexWriter to free up disk space.

If some but not all readers re-open while an optimize is underway, this will cause > 2X temporary space to be consumed as those new readers will then hold open the partially optimized segments at that time. It is best not to re-open readers while optimize is running.

The actual temporary usage could be much less than these figures (it depends on many factors).

In general, once the optimize completes, the total size of the index will be less than the size of the starting index. It could be quite a bit smaller (if there were many pending deletes) or just slightly smaller.

If an Exception is hit during optimize(), for example due to disk full, the index will not be corrupt and no documents will have been lost. However, it may have been partially optimized (some segments were merged but not all), and it's possible that one of the segments in the index will be in non-compound format even when using compound file format. This will occur when the Exception is hit during conversion of the segment into compound format.

This call will optimize those segments present in the index when the call started. If other threads are still adding documents and flushing segments, those newly created segments will not be optimized unless you call optimize again.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

NOTE: if you call close(boolean) with false, which aborts all running merges, then any thread still running this method might hit a MergePolicy.MergeAbortedException.

Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
IOException if there is a low-level IO error

public final void prepareCommit (Map<StringString> commitUserData)

Expert: prepare for commit, specifying commitUserData Map (String -> String). This does the first phase of 2-phase commit. This method does all steps necessary to commit changes since this writer was opened: flushes pending added and deleted docs, syncs the index files, writes most of next segments_N file. After calling this you must call either commit() to finish the commit, or rollback() to revert the commit and undo all changes done since the writer was opened.

You can also just call commit(Map) directly without prepareCommit first in which case that method will internally call prepareCommit.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

Parameters
commitUserData Opaque Map (String->String) that's recorded into the segments file in the index, and retrievable by getCommitUserData(). Note that when IndexWriter commits itself during close(), the commitUserData is unchanged (just carried over from the prior commit). If this is null then the previous commitUserData is kept. Also, the commitUserData will only "stick" if there are actually changes in the index to commit.

public final void prepareCommit ()

Expert: prepare for commit.

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

public final long ramSizeInBytes ()

Expert: Return the total size of all index files currently cached in memory. Useful for size management with flushRamDocs()

public void rollback ()

Close the IndexWriter without committing any changes that have occurred since the last commit (or since it was opened, if commit hasn't been called). This removes any temporary files that had been created, after which the state of the index will be the same as it was when commit() was last called or when this writer was first opened. This also clears a previous call to prepareCommit().

Throws
IOException if there is a low-level IO error

public synchronized String segString (Iterable<SegmentInfo> infos)

Throws
IOException

public synchronized String segString (SegmentInfo info)

Throws
IOException

public synchronized String segString ()

Throws
IOException

public static void setDefaultInfoStream (PrintStream infoStream)

If non-null, this will be the default infoStream used by a newly instantiated IndexWriter.

@Deprecated public static void setDefaultWriteLockTimeout (long writeLockTimeout)

This method is deprecated.
use setDefaultWriteLockTimeout(long) instead

Sets the default (for any instance of IndexWriter) maximum time to wait for a write lock (in milliseconds).

public void setInfoStream (PrintStream infoStream)

If non-null, information about merges, deletes and a message when maxFieldLength is reached will be printed to this.

Throws
IOException

@Deprecated public void setMaxBufferedDeleteTerms (int maxBufferedDeleteTerms)

This method is deprecated.
use setMaxBufferedDeleteTerms(int) instead.

Determines the minimal number of delete terms required before the buffered in-memory delete terms are applied and flushed. If there are documents buffered in memory at the time, they are merged and a new segment is created.

Disabled by default (writer flushes by RAM usage).

Throws
IllegalArgumentException if maxBufferedDeleteTerms is enabled but smaller than 1

@Deprecated public void setMaxBufferedDocs (int maxBufferedDocs)

This method is deprecated.
use setMaxBufferedDocs(int) instead.

Determines the minimal number of documents required before the buffered in-memory documents are flushed as a new Segment. Large values generally gives faster indexing.

When this is set, the writer will flush every maxBufferedDocs added documents. Pass in DISABLE_AUTO_FLUSH to prevent triggering a flush due to number of buffered documents. Note that if flushing by RAM usage is also enabled, then the flush will be triggered by whichever comes first.

Disabled by default (writer flushes by RAM usage).

Throws
IllegalArgumentException if maxBufferedDocs is enabled but smaller than 2, or it disables maxBufferedDocs when ramBufferSize is already disabled

@Deprecated public void setMaxFieldLength (int maxFieldLength)

This method is deprecated.
use LimitTokenCountAnalyzer instead. Note that the behvaior slightly changed - the analyzer limits the number of tokens per token stream created, while this setting limits the total number of tokens to index. This only matters if you index many multi-valued fields though.

The maximum number of terms that will be indexed for a single field in a document. This limits the amount of memory required for indexing, so that collections with very large files will not crash the indexing process by running out of memory. This setting refers to the number of running terms, not to the number of different terms.

Note: this silently truncates large documents, excluding from the index all terms that occur further in the document. If you know your source documents are large, be sure to set this value high enough to accomodate the expected size. If you set it to Integer.MAX_VALUE, then the only limit is your memory, but you should anticipate an OutOfMemoryError.

By default, no more than DEFAULT_MAX_FIELD_LENGTH terms will be indexed for a field.

@Deprecated public void setMaxMergeDocs (int maxMergeDocs)

This method is deprecated.
use setMaxMergeDocs(int) directly.

Determines the largest segment (measured by document count) that may be merged with other segments. Small values (e.g., less than 10,000) are best for interactive indexing, as this limits the length of pauses while indexing to a few seconds. Larger values are best for batched indexing and speedier searches.

The default value is MAX_VALUE.

Note that this method is a convenience method: it just calls mergePolicy.setMaxMergeDocs as long as mergePolicy is an instance of LogMergePolicy. Otherwise an IllegalArgumentException is thrown.

The default merge policy (LogByteSizeMergePolicy) also allows you to set this limit by net size (in MB) of the segment, using setMaxMergeMB(double).

@Deprecated public void setMergeFactor (int mergeFactor)

This method is deprecated.
use setMergeFactor(int) directly.

Determines how often segment indices are merged by addDocument(). With smaller values, less RAM is used while indexing, and searches on unoptimized indices are faster, but indexing speed is slower. With larger values, more RAM is used during indexing, and while searches on unoptimized indices are slower, indexing is faster. Thus larger values (> 10) are best for batch index creation, and smaller values (Note that this method is a convenience method: it just calls mergePolicy.setMergeFactor as long as mergePolicy is an instance of LogMergePolicy. Otherwise an IllegalArgumentException is thrown.

This must never be less than 2. The default value is 10.

@Deprecated public void setMergePolicy (MergePolicy mp)

This method is deprecated.
use setMergePolicy(MergePolicy) instead.

Expert: set the merge policy used by this writer.

@Deprecated public synchronized void setMergeScheduler (MergeScheduler mergeScheduler)

This method is deprecated.
use setMergeScheduler(MergeScheduler) instead

Expert: set the merge scheduler used by this writer.

@Deprecated public void setMergedSegmentWarmer (IndexWriter.IndexReaderWarmer warmer)

This method is deprecated.
use setMergedSegmentWarmer(IndexWriter.IndexReaderWarmer) instead.

Set the merged segment warmer. See IndexWriter.IndexReaderWarmer.

public void setPayloadProcessorProvider (PayloadProcessorProvider pcp)

Sets the PayloadProcessorProvider to use when merging payloads. Note that the given pcp will be invoked for every segment that is merged, not only external ones that are given through addIndexes(IndexReader...). If you want only the payloads of the external segments to be processed, you can return null whenever a PayloadProcessorProvider.DirPayloadProcessor is requested for the Directory of the IndexWriter.

The default is null which means payloads are processed normally (copied) during segment merges. You can also unset it by passing null.

NOTE: the set PayloadProcessorProvider will be in effect immediately, potentially for already running merges too. If you want to be sure it is used for further operations only, such as addIndexes(IndexReader...) or optimize(), you can call waitForMerges() before.

@Deprecated public void setRAMBufferSizeMB (double mb)

This method is deprecated.
use setRAMBufferSizeMB(double) instead.

Determines the amount of RAM that may be used for buffering added documents and deletions before they are flushed to the Directory. Generally for faster indexing performance it's best to flush by RAM usage instead of document count and use as large a RAM buffer as you can.

When this is set, the writer will flush whenever buffered documents and deletions use this much RAM. Pass in DISABLE_AUTO_FLUSH to prevent triggering a flush due to RAM usage. Note that if flushing by document count is also enabled, then the flush will be triggered by whichever comes first.

NOTE: the account of RAM usage for pending deletions is only approximate. Specifically, if you delete by Query, Lucene currently has no way to measure the RAM usage if individual Queries so the accounting will under-estimate and you should compensate by either calling commit() periodically yourself, or by using setMaxBufferedDeleteTerms(int) to flush by count instead of RAM usage (each buffered delete Query counts as one).

NOTE: because IndexWriter uses ints when managing its internal storage, the absolute maximum value for this setting is somewhat less than 2048 MB. The precise limit depends on various factors, such as how large your documents are, how many fields have norms, etc., so it's best to set this value comfortably under 2048.

The default value is DEFAULT_RAM_BUFFER_SIZE_MB.

Throws
IllegalArgumentException if ramBufferSize is enabled but non-positive, or it disables ramBufferSize when maxBufferedDocs is already disabled

@Deprecated public void setReaderTermsIndexDivisor (int divisor)

This method is deprecated.
use setReaderTermsIndexDivisor(int) instead.

@Deprecated public void setSimilarity (Similarity similarity)

This method is deprecated.
use setSimilarity(Similarity) instead

Expert: Set the Similarity implementation used by this IndexWriter.

@Deprecated public void setTermIndexInterval (int interval)

This method is deprecated.
use setTermIndexInterval(int)

Expert: Set the interval between indexed terms. Large values cause less memory to be used by IndexReader, but slow random-access to terms. Small values cause more memory to be used by an IndexReader, and speed random-access to terms. This parameter determines the amount of computation required per query term, regardless of the number of documents that contain that term. In particular, it is the maximum number of other terms that must be scanned before a term is located and its frequency and position information may be processed. In a large index with user-entered query terms, query processing time is likely to be dominated not by term lookup but rather by the processing of frequency and positional data. In a small index or when many uncommon query terms are generated (e.g., by wildcard queries) term lookup may become a dominant cost. In particular, numUniqueTerms/interval terms are read into memory by an IndexReader, and, on average, interval/2 terms must be scanned for each random term access.

@Deprecated public void setUseCompoundFile (boolean value)

This method is deprecated.
use setUseCompoundFile(boolean).

Setting to turn on usage of a compound file. When on, multiple files for each segment are merged into a single file when a new segment is flushed.

Note that this method is a convenience method: it just calls mergePolicy.setUseCompoundFile as long as mergePolicy is an instance of LogMergePolicy. Otherwise an IllegalArgumentException is thrown.

@Deprecated public void setWriteLockTimeout (long writeLockTimeout)

This method is deprecated.
use setWriteLockTimeout(long) instead

Sets the maximum time to wait for a write lock (in milliseconds) for this instance of IndexWriter. @see

public static void unlock (Directory directory)

Forcibly unlocks the index in the named directory.

Caution: this should only be used by failure recovery code, when it is known that no other process nor thread is in fact currently accessing this index.

Throws
IOException

public void updateDocument (Term term, Document doc)

Updates a document by first deleting the document(s) containing term and then adding the new document. The delete and then add are atomic as seen by a reader on the same index (flush may happen only after the add).

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

Parameters
term the term to identify the document(s) to be deleted
doc the document to be added
Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
IOException if there is a low-level IO error

public void updateDocument (Term term, Document doc, Analyzer analyzer)

Updates a document by first deleting the document(s) containing term and then adding the new document. The delete and then add are atomic as seen by a reader on the same index (flush may happen only after the add).

NOTE: if this method hits an OutOfMemoryError you should immediately close the writer. See above for details.

Parameters
term the term to identify the document(s) to be deleted
doc the document to be added
analyzer the analyzer to use when analyzing the document
Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
IOException if there is a low-level IO error

public void updateDocuments (Term delTerm, Collection<Document> docs)

Atomically deletes documents matching the provided delTerm and adds a block of documents with sequentially assigned document IDs, such that an external reader will see all or none of the documents. See addDocuments(Collection).

Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
IOException if there is a low-level IO error

public void updateDocuments (Term delTerm, Collection<Document> docs, Analyzer analyzer)

Atomically deletes documents matching the provided delTerm and adds a block of documents, analyzed using the provided analyzer, with sequentially assigned document IDs, such that an external reader will see all or none of the documents. See addDocuments(Collection).

Throws
CorruptIndexException if the index is corrupt
IOException if there is a low-level IO error

public boolean verbose ()

Returns true if verbosing is enabled (i.e., infoStream != null).

public synchronized void waitForMerges ()

Wait for any currently outstanding merges to finish.

It is guaranteed that any merges started prior to calling this method will have completed once this method completes.

Protected Methods

protected void doAfterFlush ()

A hook for extending classes to execute operations after pending added and deleted documents have been flushed to the Directory but before the change is committed (new segments_N file written).

Throws
IOException

protected void doBeforeFlush ()

A hook for extending classes to execute operations before pending added and deleted documents are flushed to the Directory.

Throws
IOException

protected final void ensureOpen ()

protected final void ensureOpen (boolean includePendingClose)

Used internally to throw an AlreadyClosedException if this IndexWriter has been closed.

Throws
AlreadyClosedException if this IndexWriter is closed

protected final void flush (boolean triggerMerge, boolean applyAllDeletes)

Flush all in-memory buffered updates (adds and deletes) to the Directory.

Parameters
triggerMerge if true, we may merge segments (if deletes or docs were flushed) if necessary
applyAllDeletes whether pending deletes should also

protected final void flush (boolean triggerMerge, boolean flushDocStores, boolean flushDeletes)

NOTE: flushDocStores is ignored now (hardwired to true); this method is only here for backwards compatibility